This book is intended to be a practical reference to all scientists and graduate students who are seeking to define a mathematical model for solid oxide fuel cell sofc simulation. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are promising electrochemical power generation devices that can convert chemical energy of a fuel into electricity in an efficient, environmentalfriendly, and quiet manner. Anodesupported solid oxide fuel cells sofcs model based on artificial neural network ann and optimized design variables were modeled. These fuel cells are small and quiet enough for household use, unlike combustion turbines. The scientific and technical sections are clear and logical, and lead the reader carefully through the complexities of fuel cell materials and operating conditions, from basic principles to specific. Haibin sun, yu chen, fanglin chen, yujun zhang, and meilin liu. Moreover, due to the synergistic effect of using a high temperature fuel cell such as solid oxide fuel cell sofc and a recuperative gas turbine gt, the integrated system efficiency can be. Solid oxide regenerative fuel cell sorfc one example of rfc is solid oxide regenerative fuel cell. A key issue with sofcs, particularly planar configurations, is the method of sealing the ceramic and metal components to obtain gas tightness. Sep 25, 2014 a solid oxide fuel cell sofc converts chemical energy of a fuel such as hydrogen or methane to electricity through a series of electrochemical reactions. A solid oxide fuel cell sofc converts chemical energy of a fuel such as hydrogen or methane to electricity through a series of electrochemical reactions.
Theoretical and experimental study of solid oxide fuel cell. Compared to other types of fuel cells, a solid oxide fuel cell sofc is an all solid state fuel cell based on a solid oxide electrolyte 1, which potentially offers the highest energy. Discover the best solid oxide fuel cell books and audiobooks. The most important part of these cells are the unique mixtures of polycrystalline ceramic materials, each having a particular set of structural and electrochemical requirements, the performance of which can be tailored by controlling the chemical. Does support of solid oxide fuel cells development will.
Dan hennessy delphi may 15, 20 doe hydrogen and fuel. Science and technology of solidoxide fuel cells mrs. Oct 11, 2005 a twodimensional dynamic model was created for a siemens westinghouse type tubular solid oxide fuel cell sofc. Seventh edition fuel cell handbook technical report osti. The operation of the solid oxide fuel cell is straightforward. The solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a high temperature fuel cell, interesting for decentralised generation of heat and power. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc technology for greener airplanes larry chickmike rinker energy materials group.
The infiltration impregnation of nanoscale particles, forming connected networks, into solid oxide fuel cell electrodes, has been shown to lead to considerable benefit in performance. One key feature of the methodologies presented is the use of modeling tools with an ideal balance between accuracy and computational burden. The first book centered on materials issues of sofcsalthough the high operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs creates opportunities for using a variety of fuels, including lowgrade hydrogen and those derived from biomass, it also produces difficulties in materials performance and of. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs have the potential to lessen our reliance on coal and oil for energy. Read solid oxide fuel cell books like hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cell lifetime and reliability for free with a free 30day trial.
The solid oxide fuel cell is an electrochemical device for the conversion of hydrogen or a hydrocarbon fuel directly into electrical power. Pdf catalysts and processes in solid oxide fuel cells. Solid oxide fuel cell components download ebook pdf. Solid oxide fuel cell technology is a standard reference for all those researching this important field as well as those working in the power industry. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st.
Solid oxide fuel cells fuel cell systems explained wiley online. Nickelyttriastabilised zirconia cermet is the stateoftheart. Part ii discusses the nonelectrolyte or semiconductorbased membrane fuel cells. A fuel cell works by passing hydrogen through the anode of a fuel cell and oxygen through the cathode. A special type of fuel cell, the solid oxide fuel cell sofc, may be able to raise efficiency to 8590%. Fundamentals, design and applications subhash c singhal ed. Wellwritten and concise, the third edition maintains that tradition.
This work is described in detail in chapter 3, the impact of fuels on solid oxide fuel cell anode lifetime. An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology by brian cook, heliocentris vancouver, canada whereas the 19th century was the century of the steam engine and the 20th century was the century of the internal combustion engine, it is likely that the 21st century will be the century of the fuel cell. A fuel cell is a system that converts the chemical energy of a fuel directly to electricity. Several manufacturers, including gm, toyota, honda, hyundai, and daimler, have announced plans to begin commercializing fuel cell vehicles by 2015. Since the electrolyte is solid, the cells do not have to be constructed in the platelike configuration typical of other fuel cell types. A fuel cell is composed of an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte membrane.
Dynamic simulation of an integrated solid oxide fuel cell. Fuel cell handbook seventh edition national energy technology. The book, solid oxide fuel cell, focuses on manganite structured materials, such as doped lanthanum chromites and lanthanum manganites, which have interesting properties. The role of solid oxide fuel cells in advanced hybrid power systems of the future by david tucker, michael shelton, and a. The relationship between fuel composition, fuel impurities, and anode lifetime and reliability of this book. I would also like to thank her for giving me the unique opportunity to work on this project about solid oxide fuel cells. Part i covers the latest developments of anode, electrolyte, and cathode materials as well as the sofc technologies. Review on different components of solid oxide fuel cells. Uppermost, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, and solid oxide fuel cells have been demonstrated at commercial size in power plants. Sofcs are an alternative to noisy, maintenanceintensive gasdiesel generators and are capable of providing days, weeks and even months of reliable, clean, extendedrun backup power protection to charge batteries and power loads for a variety of critical. Solid oxide fuel cell materials and their particle size. It has zero emissions, which makes it an ecofriendly technology. Everything you need to know about solid oxide fuel cells.
Efficiency is about 60 percent, and operating temperatures are about 1,000 c about 1,800 f. Pdf modeling of solidoxide fuel cells researchgate. From electrolytebased to electrolytefree devices is divided into three parts. Solid oxide fuel cells an overview sciencedirect topics. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc materials materials research forum. The growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy is pulling with it the need for new books which provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cell and their application. Sofcs are the most efficient devices for the electrochemical conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity, and have been gaining increasing attention for clean and efficient. Evolution of cell component technology for tubular solid oxide fuel. Solid oxide fuel cells s olid oxide fuel cells sofcs offer a clean, lowpollution technology to electrochemically generate electricity at high efficiencies.
Perovskite oxide for solid oxide fuel cells springerlink. This sofc model was integrated with simulation modules for other system components e. Cell reference book, to be published, wileyvch, 2002. The first book centered on materials issues of sofcs. Nanostructured solid oxide fuel cell electrodes nano letters. The input parameters of the anodesupported sofc model developed in this study are as follows. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
Pdf oxide ion conductivity in perovskite oxide for sofc electrolyte. Quantitative assessment of anode contribution to cell degradation under various polarization conditions using industrial size planar solid oxide fuel cells. Porous electrode skeletons backbones, consisting of electrolyte material such as ysz, when infiltrated, delivered results comparable to those of the standard niysz and lsmysz electrode configurations. Solid oxide fuel cells fuel cell systems explained. They are clean, modular, and efficient and retain this. Due to their high operating temperature, sofcs feature fuel flexibility as internal reforming of hydrocarbon fuels and ammonia thermal cracking can be realized in sofc anode.
Developments in solid oxide fuel cells and lithium ion. Solid oxide fuel cell n etldoe program sofcthe anode, electrolyte, and cathodeare the primary research emphasis of cell technology. School of science and engineering capstone final report. Ceres powers stack performance verification program overview. Most of the present fuel cell systems use hydrogen as fuel, which is the product of natural gas through endothermic steam reforming reaction.
Klippenstein notes steadilyimproving electrical efficiency and compatibility with natural gas infrastructure have underpinned solid oxide fuel cells. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. The oxide ions diffuse through the electrolyte to the fuel rich and porous anode, where they react with the fuel hydrogen and give off electrons to an external circuit. Voltage was estimated from the sofc model with the. Click download or read online button to get solid oxide fuel cell components book now. Each of the components must have sufficient and appropriate type i. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc technology for greener airplanes. Pdf solid oxide fuel cells sofcs have received great attention among. Sofcs are expected to be around 50%60% efficient at converting fuel to electricity 15. One of the challenges in transient modeling is to capture these characteristic times. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs have significant advantages over other fuel cell types, such as high efficiency, flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant bop and a long history.
This book presents methodologies suitable for the optimal design of control and diagnosis strategies for solid oxide fuel cell sofc systems. Solid oxide fuel cell these cells involve the use of a solid oxide or a ceramic electrolyte such as yttriastabilized zirconia. Learn from solid oxide fuel cell experts like elsevier books reference and nigel brandon. Based on feedback from sofc developers, who identified chromium contamination as a major contributor to cell degradation and reduced reliability, netl launched an initiative to address and mitigate chromium.
Drawing of a solid oxide cell solid oxide fuel cells sofc use a hard, ceramic compound of metal like calcium or zirconium oxides chemically, o 2 as electrolyte. Fuel cells were invented over a century ago and have been used in practically every nasa mission since the 1960s, but until now, they have not gained widespread adoption because of their inherently high costs. Since then, fuel cells have been used in many other. Little is known about the complex interfacial electrochemistry and, and it is also thermochemistry. Ever since its initial publication, fuel cell systems explained has been one of the most approachable books on the subject. Model for effective conductivity in granular electrode structures pdf. Pdf a solid oxide fuel cell sofc is typically composed of two porous electrodes, interposed between an electrolyte made of a particular solid oxide. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells, second edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a promising alternative energy source. This book provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research and emerging measurement technologies associated with gas transport in solid oxide fuel cells. Reversible solid oxide cell systems for grid energy management e. Solid oxide fuel cell operates at high temperatures with high fuel toelectricity conversion ratios and it is a good candidate for high temperature electrolysis.
The inhouse pdf rendering service has been withdrawn. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc sofcs use a hard, nonporous ceramic compound as the electrolyte. Solid oxide fuel cells consist of solid electrolyte, cathode, anode and interconnectors. Support delphis continued investment in the fuel cell technology accelerate the commercialization and high volume manufacture of sofc auxiliary power unit aputechnology augment the uss long term energy policy by enabling the development and. These fuel cells are highly efficient and have a relatively low cost theoretical efficiency can even approach 85%. This proceedings focuses on both the scientific and technological aspects of fuel cells and high energy density batteries including solid oxide. The number of companies developing fuel cell systems based on multiple technologies is increasing.
Soecs can also be used to do electrolysis of co 2 to produce co and oxygen or even coelectrolysis of water and co 2 to produce syngas and oxygen. Fuel cell experiments in which dry gases were used. A series of useful scientific appendices rounds off the book. Although the high operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs creates opportunities for using a variety of fuels, including lowgrade hydrogen and those derived from biomass, it also produces difficulties in materials performance and often leads to materials degradation during operation. Within these pages, an introduction to the concept of gas diffusion in solid oxide fuel cells is presented. A solid oxide fuel cell or sofc is an electrochemical conversion device that. A solid oxide electrolyser cell soec is a solid oxide fuel cell set in regenerative mode for the electrolysis of water with a solid oxide, or ceramic, electrolyte to produce oxygen and hydrogen gas. Nov 16, 2015 current fuel cell designs are about 60% efficient, on par with many power plants, but also have the potential to climb to 80% or higher 12. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc is one of the most promising fuel cell systems for generating electricity in an efficient and enviroment friendly way 1. Doitpoms tlp library fuel cells solid oxide fuel cells.
Highperformance solid oxide fuel cells based on a thin la0. The solid oxide fuel cell sofc is similar to the molten carbonate fuel cell mcfc in that a negatively charged ion is transferred from the cathode through the electrolyte to the anode. Ganesh 100518745311 turbomachinery introduction the first fuel cells were invented in 1838. This is a wikipedia book, a collection of wikipedia articles that can be easily saved, imported by an external electronic rendering service, and ordered as a printed book. This book presents an overview of the sofc technology with a focus on the recent developments in new technologies and new ideas for. The book is a useful reference for students and professionals. However, there are several challenges concerning the sofc research. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a promising alternative energy source, with its advantages of high operating efficiency, fuel flexibility, low emissions and relatively low cost.
Polymer electrolyte fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell. Manivannan i n pursuing the implementation of highly efficient, emissionfree power, the u. Fundamentals, design and applications provides a comprehensive discussion of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs. A study of anodesupported solid oxide fuel cell modeling and. Gas transport in solid oxide fuel cells springerlink. Summary the solid oxide fuel cell sofc is similar to the molten carbonate fuel cell mcfc in that a negatively charged ion is transferred from. Bazant for his consistent trust and support during my thesis work. Nov 01, 2004 progress continues in fuel cell technology since the previous edition of the fuel cell handbook was published in november 1998. The first part of the book covers papers on electrolyte materials and processing.
The role of solid oxide fuel cells in advanced hybrid. Models for solid oxide fuel cell systems exploitation of. Solid oxide fuel cells focus on natural gas for stationary systems, but has the potential to operate. Fuel cell inside out timeline of hydrogen technologies fuel cell phosphoric acid fuel cell solid oxide fuel cell molten carbonate fuel cell metal hydride fuel cell electrogalvanic fuel cell formic acid fuel cell zincair battery microbial fuel cell regenerative fuel cell direct borohydride fuel cell alkaline fuel cell direct methanol fuel cell.
This chapter investigates some possible layout configurations of hybrid power plants including both sofc and gas turbine gt technologies. Perovskite oxide for solid oxide fuel cells tatsumi. Solid oxide fuel cell molten carbonate fuel cell metal hydride fuel cell electrogalvanic fuel. For proper operation of sofcs, all of these components must have chemical, mechanical and thermal stability under operating conditions. Perovskite oxides for solid oxide fuel cells provides insight into the materials aspects of one of the most promising fuel cell types available. The third edition of fuel cell systems explained is an updated version of a book that has always been essential reading for everyone entering into the fuel cell sector, be they student or industrial practitioner. Saravanan materials research foundations volume 23 publication date 2018, 182 pages print isbn 9781945291500 release date january 15th, 2018 epdf isbn 9781945291517 doi. Compared to other types of fuel cells, a solid oxide fuel cell sofc is. Solid oxide fuel cells sofc provide a reliable source of dc power by converting chemical energy into electricity. Solid oxide fuel cells fuel cell systems explained wiley. Theoretical and experimental study of solid oxide fuel.